Everything about Eleazar L Pez Contreras totally explained
José Eleazar López Contreras (
May 5,
1883 –
January 2,
1973) was
President of Venezuela (
1935-
1941). López was a general and one of
Juan Vicente Gómez's collaborators.
Eleazar López was the only child of Col. Manuel Maria López and Catalina Contreras. At three months old, his father died of
yellow fever in
Cúcuta (
Colombia), because of the political persecution, taking care of the family his uncle Presbyter Fernando Contreras. At the age of 15 received the degree in philosophy of the Sacred Heart of Jesus College, at the town of La Grita (Táchira). Initially, the young Eleazar was going to study medicine at the University of Mérida, the current
University of the Andes, but joined to the
Liberal Restauradora Revolution commanded by
Cipriano Castro and
Juan Vicente Gómez.
They fight numerous battles, being Captain assistant Battalion Liberator in 1899. In the battle of Tocuyito (September 12,
1899), which ensured the triumph of the revolution, Lopez was wounded in the left arm by a bullet from a gun, which obliges it to undergo medical treatment. The general Gómez ensured his junior and transferred to Caracas, in the care of a family friend.
Eleazar López was designated as President of the Republic in
January 1,
1936, after the concluded period of
Juan Vicente Gómez. Soon he was designated President for the period
1936-
1942.
A military man, historian and politician, he was the last Commander in Chief of Venezuela. Eleazar López was born in
Queniquea,
Táchira in
May 5,
1883, and was one of the group of 60 that, with
Cipriano Castro, usurped power in
1899.
Unlike other military of the time, he was a career official. In
December 18,
1935 the Executive Cabinet met in
Maracay, where it finished with the death of Gómez, and ordered the Presidency to López, who arrived to
Caracas on the 20th, where he was received by “a crowd as it had never been seen in the cradle of the Liberator”. The first thing that López issued was the decree of freedom for the political prisoners. In
February 14,
1936, an uncontrollable mass manifestation took place. It requested the dissolution of the Congress with
gomecista majority but settled for a Constituent Assembly.
On
January 2,
1973, at the age of 89 years, Eleazar López died in
Caracas.
General aspects of López government (1936-1941)
The dictatorship of
Juan Vicente Gómez ended with his death in
1935. Immediately, General López, was provisionally in charge of the Presidency, until the “National Congress” named him constitutional president, for the period
1936-
1941. In the beginning of his presidency, the people fought in the streets against injustices, demanding to finish with the “gomecista inheritance”.
Those that channelled the general displeasure were the students of the Students Federation of Venezuela, the new political parties and their leaders just left the jails or return of exile. The government of López was relatively ample, especially in his first year. Among his measures we can mention the promulgation of the new National Constitution and a modern Labor Law (
1936). Also, the
February Program of
1936 and the
Triennial Plan (
1938) for economic and social progress. Also, new institutions were established: the National Pedagogical Institute, the National Office of Labour, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Communications, the Venezuelan Child Council, the Industrial Bank, the National Office of Currency, the National Office of Export Control, and, finally, already in
1940, the Central Bank of Venezuela; also, enacted was an Act of Government that ended with the signing of the "Treaty of Limits with
Colombia", on
April 5,
1941, by means of which Venezuela lost 108,000 km² in territory.
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